Published by: Ingrid King. Last Updated on: February 1, 2023 by Crystal Uys
Recently, a major pet food company announced a complete reformulation of one of its core product lines. The new formulas are to contain more natural ingredients, no by-products and no artificial colors or flavors. After looking at the list of ingredients, the new formulas don’t look much better to me than the old ones did, and still contain fillers such as wheat gluten, corn meal and powdered cellulose. While they may not contain by-products anymore, the non-specific proteins listed, such as “ocean fish” or “poultry” or “meat,” don’t provide enough information as to what the source of the protein is.
The intent of this article is not to point fingers at any one cat food manufacturer. Selling cat food is a business, and you can’t blame manufacturers for trying to position their products in the best possible light. This is why it’s up to each cat guardian to look past the marketing hype and educate themselves about what is really in their cat’s food. And that means understanding how to read the label.
One of the most misleading words on cat food labels (or any food label, for that matter) is probably the world “natural.” Just because the label has the word “natural” and pictures of wholesome vegetables and grains on it does not necessarily make it so. The only way you can be sure to understand what’s in a food is by reading the label. Here are some things to look for:
Ingredients
Pet food manufacturers are required to list ingredients in descending order, in other words, the most predominant ingredient has to be listed first. Look for meat based proteins as the main ingredient. Avoid anything that lists corn or soy and their by-products – these two ingredients are some of the prime culprits for causing allergies in pets. Don’t be fooled into thinking that a food is good for your cat because it lists ingredients such as peas, carrots, cranberries, blueberries and the like. Cats are obligate carnivores, and they don’t need these ingredients to thrive, but they make for good marketing to the cat’s human. They can be a source of antioxidants and vitamins, and very small amounts may be acceptable. Ideally, a cat’s food should be at least 95% protein (meat) based.
Guaranteed Analysis
Manufacturers are required to list basic nutrient percentages on the label. Typically, this portion of the label will list crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, moisture, and ash content. Note that there is no listing for carbohydrates on food labels, which is a very important consideration when it comes to feeding cats, who are obligate carnivores. However, it is not difficult to calculate approximate carbohydrate contents. Simply add all of the listed nutrients and subtract the total from 100% – this will give you a fairly accurate number.
AAFCO Statement
This is probably the most misunderstood item on pet food labels. AAFCO, the American Association of Feed Control Officials, is the organization which is charged with establishing and enforcing animal feed requirements across all fifty state governments. Its primary responsibility is to ensure the safety of feed for human food producing livestock. The AAFCO statement on most pet food labels indicates that the food has been tested and approved as “complete and balanced for the life of a pet.” This is sadly misleading. The tests are conducted on very small groups of animals and for very short periods of time. The only real long-term tests of pet food happen when pet guardians feed these diets to their own pets.
Beyond the label
Don’t stop your research with reading the label. Where do the food’s ingredients come from? Where is it manufactured? Visit the brand’s website. If the source of their ingredients is not listed, contact them. With all the problems with ingredients sourced in China, I would steer clear of brands that still source any of their ingrediens from there.
If you feed canned foods, check to see if the cans are BPA free. BPA (bisphenol A) has been linked to increased incidences of feline hyperthyroidism.
Don’t fall for the marketing hype – do your homework. Your cat will thank you for it.
Related reading:
The best food for your cat: my recommendations
Photo by Tom Thai, Flickr Creative Commons
About the author
Ingrid King is an award-winning author, former veterinary hospital manager, and veterinary journalist who is passionate about cats.
